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Rio Rosewood (Dalbergia nigra)

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Rio rosewood (Dalbergia nigra) grows exclusively in Brazil’s Atlantic Forest (Mata Atlântica), an ecosystem that has been heavily destroyed (less than 10% of its original surface remains).

This mythical wood is highly prized for the richness of its figure and the depth of its tones. Its natural colour ranges from chocolate brown to purplish brown, streaked with dark veins and warm highlights, sometimes reddish or golden. Its fine grain, often irregular or interlocked, and its natural lustre give it a unique visual presence—both elegant and expressive. When worked, it releases a characteristic sweet, rose-like fragrance.

Because of its beauty and exceptional density, this wood was massively exported from the 19th century onwards for lutherie, luxury furniture and fine marquetry. It was then exploited illegally and unsustainably, leading to the near extinction of the species in the wild.

To halt this exploitation, in 1992, Dalbergia nigra was listed in CITES Appendix I, the highest level of protection. This means: No international commercial trade is permitted, except for wood harvested before the ban (“pre-Convention”) and properly documented.

Brazil has long banned the logging and export of Rio rosewood and enforces strict IBAMA controls (the national environmental authority). Only old pieces, reclaimed material or wood from historic stocks can be sold legally.

Its veneer, sold according to figure and leaf width, typically ranges from €300 to €1,200 per m², and can reach or exceed €2,000 per m² for exceptional lots. Its unrivalled beauty and natural patina make it an emblematic material of fine furniture and high-end cabinetmaking.

Aesthetic characteristics

  • Colour: chocolate brown to violet-brown, with contrasting black veins; may show reddish highlights.
  • Appearance: high lustre, spectacular figure (mirrors, ribbons, “spider-web” patterns).
  • Grain & texture: often irregular or interlocked grain; fine to medium texture.
  • Scent: sweet, floral (rose-like) aroma when cut or sanded.
  • Density: very hard and dense wood (≈ 820–950 kg/m³ at 12% MC).

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